Essay on Cyber Security A Necessity Nowadays Essay Example For Students

Paper on Cyber Security: A Necessity Nowadays Essay Digital assaults are not simply in fiction films, they are a truth of our reality. The expense of digital assaults are assessed at $100 billion to $1 trillion every year (Eschelbeck, 25). The explanation of this isn't hard to comprehend. PCs are available all over. Individuals are constantly associated posting data about their lives on Facebook, Instagram and Twitter. On the business field is the equivalent. The most piece of undertakings have their bases electronic. All the exchanges and significant data are in PCs. Digital Security is presently probably the greatest need of the world, in light of the fact that our lives resolve around PCs, the digital assaults are drastically expanding in number each day, and the digital assailants are turning out to be more expert.We are dependent on innovation. Americans ages 18-64 who utilize interpersonal organizations state they spend a normal of 3. 2 hours of the day doing so(Vacca, 10)The virtual life became as significant as reality. Generally of the individuals that has online access to this virtual media is difficult to pass over, one day without checking the news on the web. Spend time with companions and in the interim converse with others for all intents and purposes is exceptionally normal. We put all data about ourselves on a PC. On virtual media we are associated with individuals around the world, we have data about our life, and the house assignments that we do each day. In a similar time that is pleasant, however this is extremely risky. As indicated by the Fukuoka Rosa 2Statistic Brain site, there are more than 1.4 Billion Facebook clients worldwide and 98% is the level of 18-24 years olds who as of now utilize internet based life. This implies it is exceptionally simple to discover individual data about the most piece of individuals. This data are focus of commercial . .of taken data these days, the quantity of digital assaults are expanding just as the nature of these assaults. Hence, it is significant clients and undertakings give more consideration in digital security. Adhere to the security directions and to put resources into security devices are imperative to have a protected framework and to maintain a strategic distance from digital assaults. Works CitedBishop, Matt. PC Security (2004): 100 110. Print.Dunn Cavelty, Myriam. â€Å"Cyber-security and danger politics† The New York Times (2008). PrintEschelbeck, Gerhard â€Å"Security Theat Report 2014† SOPHOS (2014). PrintHarden, Seth. â€Å"Social Networking Statistics† Statistic Brain. Web 01 January, 2014 com/person to person communication statistics>.Pfleeger, Charles P. Security in Computing (2006): 25 50. Print. Vacca, John R. â€Å"To the Barricades: Cyber Security† The Economist (2007). Print

Simple Stimulus Learning Essay Example for Free

Straightforward Stimulus Learning Essay In this paper, this creator will dissect types of straightforward upgrade learning. He will look at the idea of habituation, break down variables that influence perceptual learning, and inspect the impacts of upgrade presentation. He will give a few instances of genuine circumstances and the use of straightforward boost in those circumstances. Definitions and clarifications will be talked about and broke down. As indicated by Terry (2009) â€Å"stimulus learning is a moderately perpetual change in conduct, or conduct collection which happens because of experience.† Habituation As indicated by Terry (2009), â€Å"Habituation is a basic type of learning. Habituation is the reduction in size or recurrence of the situating response to a boost that is over and again presented.† â€Å"Habituation, a decrement because of an improvement that is introduced more than once without sick impact, can be distinguished in practically all animals† (Marland, 2009). The idea of habituation is concentrated through reactions to improvements. A few upgrades could be clamors, for example, an applaud. An applaud can be utilized to check whether an individual reacts to the sound with a flicker or some other response. A response or reaction could be from some other explanation and not learning. The individual could have an issue with at least one of their faculties. This is the reason dull incitement is utilized in research of habituation. A case of habituation is an individual who lives by an air terminal. At the point when the individual first moves in, the person most likely is irritated by each plane taking off. In the wake of living there for some time, the individual doesn't generally hear the planes any longer. The individual has gotten used to the hints of planes taking off and landing or flying over head. The more extended an individual is around an upgrade, for example, the planes, the less the improvement influences that person. Interminable Learning As per Terry (2009), ceaseless learning is â€Å"exposure to a boost prompts finding out about that stimulus.† Some factors that influence never-ending learning are introducing differentiating upgrades, consideration and input, and move from simple to troublesome improvements. Since upgrades can be extraordinary, introduction of positive and negative examples is significant. It will permit the individual to choose which improvements are important. With move from simple to troublesome improvements, beginning with simple upgrades can help in learning progressively troublesome boosts. A case of this is school subjects. An understudy doesn't begin doing math. Understudies start off with numbers, at that point expansion deduction, duplication, and division. They progress through math until they find out about letters and numbers in variable based math and in the end figure out how to do trigonometry and analytics. As indicated by Terry (2009), â€Å"perceptual learning happens without experimenter input about performance.† The subject needs to focus on learn. Be that as it may, learning can happen without goal. Upgrade Exposure â€Å"Some of the most intriguing ongoing ideal models for investigating learning have abused the way that earlier introduction to upgrades can influence the rate at which relationship between those boosts are in this way learned† (Myers, et al, 2000). Upgrade introduction can uncover other conduct results. A few people can have an expansion loving or inclination to boosts. A case of this would be an individual who works in a bread kitchen appreciates the smell of treats heating. The individual may visit different pastry shops more regularly than an individual who doesn't care for the smell of treats preparing. Another model would be an understudy likes to peruse and compose. The understudy will take a crack at classes that include perusing and composing. Upgrade presentation can prompt recollections including the boost. A model would be a tune from a cheerful occasion in a person’s life might be heard again and the individual will recall that glad occasion. Boost presentation can likewise have negative impacts where the improvement causes a negative reaction. Instances of negatives would be fears, uneasiness, or fears. This happens when an individual partners an improvement to a negative or horrendous accident. Another type of boost introduction is preparing assistance. â€Å"Priming happens when one introduction of an improvement encourages the handling of an intently following reiteration of the equivalent or a related stimulus† (Terry, 2009). A model would be increase cards. The understudy is indicated increase card and is to state the appropriate response. The understudy realizes that multiple times 5 is equivalent to multiple times 4. The improvement has been prepared and the understudy can distinguish the basic products and answer the cards quicker. Utilization of Simple Stimulus Learning The creator functions as a car professional. He has been doing it for a long time and it required some investment to become familiar with the things about fixing vehicles. He began in exchange school and afterward was employed by a car auto shop. He began doing simple fixes and deterrent support on vehicles. As he turned out to be increasingly OK with the fixes, he was given more diligently fixes. He advanced from simple to troublesome fixes. Presently, there is most likely not a fix that he has not needed to act in his 20 years of experience. He learned by watching and doing. He likewise learned by committing errors. Another model would be a young lady who gets her ears pierced. From the outset she is playing with the studs and realizes they are there. Inevitably she becomes accustomed to the hoops and overlooks that she even has them in. Another model would be a chime that demonstrates lunch at a work environment. The individuals discover that the chime demonstrates that it is noon. At the point when the chime rings individuals quit working and take their mid-day break. Individuals learn from numerous points of view. A few people may learn by accomplishing something once and other may learn it by doing it redundantly. Other may utilize recognition to learn. They may relate certain upgrades to specific procedures. There are times that individuals learn without the plan to learn. Habituation is basic type of learning. An individual is around a boost sufficiently long and they become accustomed to that upgrade. Unending learning is presentation to an improvement prompts finding out about the upgrade. A few factors that influence interminable learning are introducing differentiating boosts, consideration and criticism, and move from simple to troublesome upgrades. Boost presentation can uncover other social results. There might be a positive or negative conduct or reaction to an upgrade. Instances of negatives would be fears, uneasiness, or fears. There are numerous things that can influence the learning procedure. Tender loving care and input can help an individual in the learning procedure and will likewise assist therapists with understanding learning and conduct better later on. References Marsland, S. (2009). Utilizing Habituation in Machine Learning. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Volume 92, Pages 260-266 Myers, C., Oliver, L., Warren, S., Gluck, M. (2000). Improvement Exposure Effects in Human Associative Learning. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Brain research, Volume 53B (2), Page 173-187 Terry, W. S. (2009). Learning and memory: Basic standards, procedures, and methods (fourth ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson/Allyn Bacon.

How to Apply and use or change blogger default template

How to Apply and use or change blogger default template Blogger is an awesome platform that free to use. Blogger has included all types of feature for assisting a new user. When we register with Blogger and create a new blog then we get a default template. But users may not like this default template. In this case you have alternative options to use different default template and those can be found in blogger dashboard. Many user like to use blogger default template because those are ideal for search engine and get better visibility on search engine. As well as blogger default templates are too fast to load. So it is also good for users of lowerInternetspeed. In this content I will show you how we can use different template that incorporated by Google Blogger. Blogger provide total 35 default for each account under 7 categories. So you can choose your desired template according to your niche. Categories are as follows- Simple 7 template available Dynamic Views 7 template available picture Window 3 template available Awesome Inc. 7 template available Watermark 4 template available Ethereal 3 template available Travel 4 template available The main reason of categories default blogger template is to help users to choose instantly. For example simple template can be used for all types of site. Picture Window template is for personal and professional photo based blog. In addition Travel template can be perfect for traveler bloggers. Blogger has covered almost all niches of template according to their blogging notion need. So let's go for Apply and use or change blogger default template by one click. Step 1Sign in to your blogger account and go toblogger dashboard Step 2On Blogger Dashboard Click-Template Step 3Scroll down and see the list of template with preview in Grid style under 7 categories. Step 4Simply mouse over on each template then 2 link option will be visible below template images Apply To Blog | Customize Step 5Though we will apply new template in blog so directly click on Apply To Blog link it will take less than 5 second to install your selected template and it will be ready to use. You can check the template 2 ways. Simply scroll up and see your template of blogger dashboard. And secondly you can visit your blog by clicking on View Blog button. If you would like to change your current default blogger template then again scroll down and choose a template finally click on Apply To Blog link. that's it.

Racial Profiling An American Trauma - 921 Words

Nefari Steele Argumentative Essay Due: March 1, 2017 Racial Profiling: An American Trauma One of the most imminent threats looming within American society is race relations. America is a melting pot of different races, cultures, and religions, yet the matter of racial profiling still remains prominent today. By definition it is considered â€Å"an activity carried out by enforcers of the law wherein they investigate or stop any individual in traffic or round up people of the same race or ethnicity for crime suspicion† (NYLN.org ). This profiling has become a significant catalyst in the tension that has been ensuing between minorities and the government. Hostility has grown due to the apparent and intentional targeting of â€Å"brown people†, and†¦show more content†¦One of the most prominent deficiencies of racial profiling is the fact that the officers who participate in these faceoffs and shootings are almost always acquitted of the charges brought against them. Jasmine Elliott states that, â€Å"Racial profiling diverts officers attention from using actual, objective signs of suspicious behavior to effectively assess situations† in her article Racial Profiling Is Ineffective, Distracting, and Detrimental to Public Safety. Using an overgeneralized category to find a perpetrator is ultimately distracting law enforcement from possible catching signs of suspicious activity from a different target. There has even been one specific instance observed where police officers abused their authority to check the immigration status of a group of men of Ecuadorian ethnicity. The case was called â€Å"Maldonodo vs. Holder† (Groff 88) and recently went before the U.S. Court of Appeals. The court ruled in favor of the officers, which left open the window for suppression through racial profiling. â€Å"The Second Circuit in Maldonado ignored its own precedent and its decision could lead to an increase in unconstitutional racial profiling and targeting† (Groff 125 ). Cases like Maldonado vs Holder keep the idea of racial profiling as a means for justice alive within today’s society. Some Americans may consider the pros of racial profiling. Amongst some of the argued pros, is in the case ofShow MoreRelatedJust Say No Programs And The War On Drugs Laws1375 Words   |  6 Pagesgovernmental racial projects of racial profiling cast new forms of racial control on blacks reminiscent of the days of slavery as the focal point of Regan’s implementation of the â€Å"war on drug laws† centered in poor urban black neighborhoods stripped of jobs, resources, and basic public services. Regan’s enforcing of anti-drug efforts in poor urban black communities led to a form of social control that led to a tripling of the prison population over the past 30 years that reflects enormous racial disparitiesRead MoreAnalysis Of Christopher Bell s Blackness And Disability 862 Words   |  4 Pagesthe pursuit of happiness for its citizens, no matter their race or ability to participate in what is considered a â€Å"normal† society. However, the minority race has become a social construct that essentially hinders the inalienable rights given to American citizens. Christopher Bell, author of â€Å"Blackness and Disability† assesses historical context, to analytically and articulately prove how black bodies and disabilities often get discredited. Black people relating to being angry, loud, and dangerousRead MoreIntergenerational Trauma, Or Historical Trauma, Is â€Å"The1762 Words   |  8 PagesIntergenerational trauma, or historical trauma, is â€Å"the cumulative psychological damage that specific groups of people suffer throughout multiple generations† (Hanser Gomila, 2015). African Americans, as well as Native Americans, are one of the groups said to suffer from the most historical trauma in the United States, most of it stemming from centuries of slavery and subjugation. This paper seeks t o show how slavery has continued to affect black people in the United States, starting with slaveryRead MorePublic Opinion of Police by Different Ethnic Groups Essay1136 Words   |  5 Pagesorder to obtain cooperation from members of the public, police officers must gain their trust and confidence. It has been known that African Americans and Hispanics have lower levels of trust and confidence in police because of racial disparities and racial profiling. This paper will discuss the public opinion of police by different ethnic groups and how racial minorities hold lower levels of trust and confidence in police. The paper will further discuss the November 5, 1992 Detroit Police beatingRead MorePolice Brutality : Minorities Under Attack944 Words   |  4 Pagesunderwent extensive surgery at Shock Trauma to save his life (Ford, 2015). Michael Brown, Tamir Rice, and Eric Garner are other minority males that have become symbols of a raging national conversation about police brutali ty and racial injustice. These events have caused community’s civil rights protests to unite under themes such as; Black Lives Matter, Hands Up Don t Shoot, No Justice No Peace, and â€Å"I Can’t Breathe.† Police brutality driven by racial profiling is evident in lower income andRead MoreRacial Profiling And The African American Community Essay2673 Words   |  11 PagesThe African-American community has endured a notable amount of troublesome tribulations, primarily in cultural identity. The wide array of challenges that minorities undergo when classifying a specific race is illogical, and rather insane. The struggle, hassle, and strain placed on minorities for embracing their identity will continuously be stereotyped or judged by a non-oppressed individual, or better yet our modern society. The ongoing list of imperfections a minority is labeled with when classifyingRead MoreRacial Profiling And The United States1949 Words   |  8 Pages Racial Profiling Post 9/11 Rusat Ramgopal CRJBS 101 John Jay College Professor Gary Wright August 4, 2016 Racial Profiling Post 9/11 On September 11, 2001, nineteen hijackers associated with the terrorist group Al-Qaeda attacked the United States. They flew two planes into the World Trade Center and also attacked the Pentagon resulting inRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography on Deportations1389 Words   |  6 PagesDeportations: An Annotated Bibliography Fitz, Marshall. â€Å"The Cost of Mass Deportation.† Center for American Progress. N.p., 19 Mar. 2010. Web. 24 Feb. 2014. In the article The Cost of Mass Deportation, the author talks about the negative impact that deportation can cause this country. The issue of illegal immigration has been an active debate in congress for the last few years. During the presidency of George W. Bush and Barack Obama, the enforcement of deportation has increased. The authorRead MorePsychological Motive For Committing Stranger Rape Essay1669 Words   |  7 PagesThe four different categories included rape, concerning the sexual assault and trauma, predator, the weapons and restraint used, fury, or trauma to the victim, and perversion, specifically how the victim’s body was disposed of and found (Kocsis, Cooksey, Irwin, 2002). Kocsis, Cooksey, and Irwin (2002) were able to categorized 85 sexual murder offenders. This model can be used to later create criminal profiles depending on the behaviors exhibited at the crime scene. Behaviors, such as control behaviorsRead MoreAfrican Americans And The Caucasian Race1666 Words   |  7 PagesDo African Americans as a people have equal rights as those of the Caucasian race? Are we not under the same Constitution and Judicial system? Some would argue yes and some would argue no. What side are you on? Why is it that so many race crimes have occurred against African Americans in the past seven years and the race of the person committing the crime is of the Caucasian race? Is it that racism still exists? In the free world we live in we are still in bondage to the never ending struggle of

Slavery and Racism Shown in Huckleberry Finn - 620 Words

In the novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Mark Twain establishes three very prominent themes. These themes include racism and slavery, intellectual and moral education, and the hypocrisy of civilized society. The most dominant theme, racism and slavery, is recognized when the main character feels that he is doing the wrong thing in helping a runaway slave. It is also recognized in the passage where the main character talks to a boy who compares a black slave’s worth to two-hundred dollars. Twain used the theme racism and slavery in an attempt to convince southerners to do the right thing despite what society dictates and to show the South that everyone should have equal rights. Racism and slavery is not only a central theme in the Twain’s novel, it is still alive and shown in the form of hate crimes performed by notorious racist groups. The main character and narrator, Huck Finn, is a boy who has been raised in the southern United States prior to the Civil War. Racism and Slavery, which can be defined as the poor treatment of or violence against a people because of their race, is the source of a lot of turmoil for Huck (www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/racism). Huck’s conscience is always being contorted emotionally because he feels he should follow the common racist ways that Southern society has taught him, but his best friend is a runaway slave. Torn in his racist ways that tell him that Jim, Miss Watson’s slave who Huck thinks should be turned in, he decidesShow MoreRelatedThe Concept of Race in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain631 Words   |  3 PagesWithin his criticism of Mark Twain’s Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Gregory Fowler uses examples from both the book and Mark Twain’s own life to discuss the different ways in which racism has morphed. Instead of analy zing The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn critically and solely, Gregory Fowler critically analyzes parts of the book and its effect to prove the different ways in which slaver morphs through the uses of allusions, exemplifications, and anecdotes. Fowler’s opening paragraph consistsRead MoreThe Revolutionary Novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain1533 Words   |  6 Pages Mark Twain’s novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, is one of the most controversial pieces of American literature; loved by many but detested as well. It is arguably one of the most important bildungsroman, and one of the first modern pieces of literature. The novel addresses issues such as slavery, racism, religion, and social consciousness, in a way that no one could write about it, except Mark Twain. Not only does it address these issues, it also satirizes them, which is what makesRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn 1310 Words   |  6 PagesThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn has been a topic of debate for a long time. The most heated topic of debate is if the novel is racist and if it should then be included in school curriculum whether. Many believe this book should be taken ou t of school curriculum for being racist. Huckleberry FInn should be taught in schools because of its satire, views on slavery and morals, and depiction of antebellum America. Huck Finn still remains a classic Twain s use of satire is one of the many thingsRead More Mark Twain a Racist? Absolutely not!1597 Words   |  7 PagesCelebrating its 135th anniversary this year, Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a classic of American literature and is read by millions across the nation every year. However, many claim that the book promotes and endorses the heinous act of racism. In their attacks on the classic, many of the book’s critics employ evidence such as the use of the n-word 211 times (Powers, 2010) and the novel’s repeated inferior depiction of African-Americans. Many supporters of the novel, thoughRead MoreThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain830 Words   |  3 PagesThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain is â€Å"A Great American Novel†, because of its complexity and richness. Twain writes dialogue that brings his characters to life. He creates characters with unique voice and helps the reader connect to the book. Any one who reads it is forced to develop feelings for each character. Even though there is a great amount of controversy over the use of some choices, such as the â€Å"n word†, it makes the book more realistic. In the beginning of the novel Huck,Read MoreEssay on Huckleberry Finn: Hypocrisy in â€Å"Civilized† Society713 Words   |  3 PagesLambert Kelsey Mrs. Gunn A.P. English Literature 6 18 December 2012 Huckleberry Finn: Hypocrisy in â€Å"Civilized† Society The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, a sequel to the Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain illustrates the Southern states and slavery. Published in 1884, the novel focuses on the important issues that affected America. These issues included racism, slavery, civilization and greed. The book has become one of the most controversial books ever written. The controversy hasRead MoreMark Twain : Seeing America s Flaws1593 Words   |  7 Pagesfirst line in Mark Twain’s controversial book, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. Samuel L. Clemens, as a young boy, grew up on the Mississippi and learned the ways of southern society. Clemens grew up to travel the world and write many successful and failed novels, along with many other types of literature. Receiving his education on the Mississippi, Mark Twain wrote The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn which pointed out the flaws of America and became masterpiecesRead MoreAmerican Experience in Huck Fin n1737 Words   |  7 PagesTwain called Huckleberry Finn..† claimed Ernest Hemingway, a American author and journalist. This quote represents the idea and perception of Huckleberry Finn as a defining moment in American Literature, a time when a new culture was being formed west of the Atlantic that had many different subjects and characteristics than that of the literature in Europe. What makes The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn so original and such a representation of America is that whatever Huckleberry Finn, the characterRead MoreHuckleberry Finn Should Be Banned Essay1603 Words   |  7 Pagesproblems with The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn shortly after being published. Huckleberry Finn was first published in January of 1885 and only two months later in March of 1885 the book was banned. The problem first with the book was it was too friendly toward African Americans and believed to lead children astray from certain values. Now over 100 years later â€Å"Huckleberry Fi nn is still making news† (Pitts). Now in the 21th century we have a problem with Huckleberry Finn not because of kindness to AfricanRead MoreWhy Should Huck Finn Be Banned? Essay1485 Words   |  6 PagesWhy Should Huck Finn Be Banned? The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, a novel by Mark Twain, has been controversial since it hit the shelves on its release. The novel had ideals of racism, slavery, tricks, and societal wake up calls that was a smack in the face to readers. This novel has been fought now and again to be censored, or to be banned altogether from public high school reading lists. Huck Finn is a novel in which the reader doesn’t have to look very far below the surface to see the message

Martin Textile - 6243 Words

closing Case Martins Textiles August 12, 1992, was a really bad day for John Martin. That was the day Canada, Mexico, and the United States announced an agreement in principle to form the North American Free Trade Agreement. Under the plan, all tariffs between the three countries would be eliminated within the next 10 to 15 years, with most being cut in 5 years. What disturbed John most was the plans provision that all tariffs on trade of textiles among the three countries were to be removed within 10 years. Under the proposed agreement, Mexico and Canada would also be allowed to ship a specific amount of clothing and textiles made from foreign materials to the United States each year, and this quota would rise slightly over the first†¦show more content†¦What about his moral obligation to his workers? What about the loyalty his workers have shown his family over the years? Is this a good way to repay it? How would he break the news to his employees, many of whom have worked for the company 10 to 20 year s? And what about the Mexican workers; could they be as loyal and productive as his present employees? From other US textile companies that had set up production in Mexico he had heard stories of low productivity, poor workmanship, high turnover, and high absenteeism. If this was true, how could he ever cope with that? John has always felt that the success of Martins Textiles is partly due to the family atmosphere, which encourages worker loyalty, productivity, and attention to quality, an atmosphere that has been built up over four generations. How could he replicate that in Mexico with a bunch of foreign workers who speak a language that he doesnt even understand? http://www.canada.org.ae/NAFTA.htm Case Discussion Questions 1. What are the economic costs and benefits to Martins Textiles of shifting production to Mexico? 2. What are the social costs and benefits to Martins Textiles of shifting production to Mexico? 3. Are the economic and social costs and benefits of moving production to Mexico independent of each other? 4. What seems to be the most ethical action? 5. What would you do if you were John Martin? Hint: †¢ NAFTA is likely to produce net benefits for the US economy.Show MoreRelatedMartin Textile6254 Words   |  26 Pagesclosing Case Martins Textiles August 12, 1992, was a really bad day for John Martin. That was the day Canada, Mexico, and the United States announced an agreement in principle to form the North American Free Trade Agreement. Under the plan, all tariffs between the three countries would be eliminated within the next 10 to 15 years, with most being cut in 5 years. What disturbed John most was the plans provision that all tariffs on trade of textiles among the three countries were to be removed withinRead MoreCase Study Martin Textile Starbuck1000 Words   |  4 Pagesshould corporations have toward the country in which they operate? To their country of origin? CASE STUDY 1 MARTIN TEXTILES Question 1 Economic cost The production cost that is labour cost if Martin Textile shift its production to Mexico will be reduced to less than USD2 per hour as compared to wage rate paid to its unionised New York plant(USD12.50 per hour) and non unionised textile plant in southeastern US(USD8 to USD10 per hour). The production too will be able to avoid cost disadvantageRead MoreEnvironmental Issues In The Fashion Industry Essay1903 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction This paper explores the use of colour changing textiles and how the fashion industry could benefit from it. It explains why they are perfect solutions for the environmental issues. Fashion industry is one of the most wasteful and environmentally impactful industries in the world. There is a lot of pressure to find less wasteful ways of producing clothing and to make fashion more sustainable. One of those ways is the invention of colour changing fabrics (Rachel Skudlarek, 2017). ChapterRead MoreThe Black Death And Its Effects On Western Europe Essay1391 Words   |  6 Pageslonger perceived as The Lord of creation but rather the ruler of nature. This new perspective on life came from awareness of self. Humanism helped create the Protestant Reformation. Martin Luther also had a major part in creating this movement. Martin Luther was born November 10,1483 in Eisleben, Germany. As Martin got more recognition his family became more respected. He was a man who dedicated himself to studying the bible. By doing so he discovered God’s truth, people were saved by faith andRead MoreThe Aztec Capital2084 Words   |  9 PagesTerms To Know: 1. Tribute: Tributes were used in the Aztec capital, Tenochtitlan. The subject peoples brought gold, textiles, turquoise, obsidian, tropical bird feathers, and cacao to the capital as tribute. Tributes are goods given to rulers as an act of submission or in order to receive protection. 2. Matriarchal: A matriarchal society is a society governed by women. The Iroquios, five different native american nations banded together by a man named Hiawatha, ruled through a matriarchal systemRead MoreAfrican Women s Struggle For Civil Rights1104 Words   |  5 Pagesstrengthened the concept of the superior/inferior relationship by making the slave more dependent on his master. (pg.436) Slavery grew rapidly because of the cross-Atlantic slave trading industry. Owning a slave was economically attractive to the North s textile industries and South s agricultural interests. Many farmers and plantation owners morally opposed slavery, however, economic reality prevented the abolition of the system, opting instead to ban the exportation of new slaves into the country by 1808Read MoreThe Presidential Election Of 18281787 Words   |  8 Pagespresidential candidates. This election was heavily fueled by slogans due to the fact that textile manufacturing became the country’s top production during this period. This election however, had some changes from previous elections such as the national political climate changes. These changes were directly linked to the national economic changes. This time around, the Democratic Party re-nominated President Martin Van Buren as their candidate and the Whig party nominated William Henry Harrison to representRead MoreA.P U.S History Chapter 11 Study Guide1154 Words   |  5 Pages1. Albany Regency-created by Martin Van Buren from NY. â€Å"Tightly disciplined state political machine in NY†. Not born into the elites. Van Buren had faith in the commoners. Allowed democracy to flourish, helped suffrage. 2. As a Bucktail, Van Buren’s goal was democracy and less power to elites. He helped create National Political parties, and went up against elite DeWitt. 3. 1840, changing voting qualifications changed and 90% of adult males over 21 could vote. 4. Universal manhoodRead More Passive Resistance as a Powerful Tool for Social and Political Change1503 Words   |  7 Pagesviolence. As Martin Luther King Jr. and Gandhi, have argued, passive resistance is a noble means to a peaceful end, in which only the followers of a movement risk themselves and bring no harm to those whom they oppose. â€Å"Passive resistance,† according to Mahatma Gandhi, â€Å"is an all sided sword; it can be used anyhow; it blesses him who uses it and him against whom it is used. Without drawing a drop of blood it produces far-reaching results. It never rusts and cannot be stolen.† Martin Luther King JrRead More Rosa Parks and the Civil Rights Movement Essay1294 Words   |  6 Pages Rosa Parks, also called the â€Å"Mother of the Civil Rights Movement,† was given the NAACPs Spingarn Medal and the Martin Luther King, Jr. nonviolent-peace prize. Rosa Parks was also awarded the Eleanor Roosevelt Woman of Courage award in 1984. Rosaà ¢â‚¬â„¢s influence and impact on the society is one that can never be replaced. Rosa was not only the person who took that seat, but she has plenty of respect because of her personality as a strong willed woman. Where did all this began? Rosa Louis McCauley

UAE Entrepreneurial Innovative System

Question: Discuss about theUAE Entrepreneurial Innovative System. Answer: Introduction Entrepreneurship is the process of identifying, designing and launching new business ideas to start a business enterprise (Drucker, 2014). On the other hand, innovation means coming up with new ideas to improve something which is already existing (Goldberg, 2013).Therefore, UAEs Entrepreneurial Innovative system refers to the act of developing new strategies, ideas, and business activities to supplement the pre-existing businesses in UAE. The government, national institutions, firm capabilities and their behaviors play vital roles to ensure that nationwide and the global economy is improved. The Role of Government Policy Providing legislative framework: The UAE government is providing a legal and transparent framework for the businesses in the UAE to facilitate smooth trading in the region (Gebba, 2014). It ensures fairness in local companies as well as statutory or government-linked corporations. There are no restrictions and hindering policies for the firms. This makes the efficient running of businesses which improves the economy. Setting up national development strategies: These are plans formulated by the UAE government to accomplish certain goals in future. Strategies such as UAE Vision 2021, Abu Dhabi Vision 2030 and Dubai plan 2021 have been set to enable businesses to work towards achieving the visions and plans set. These strategies will help in building up the national and global economies. Investing in manpower and infrastructure: The UAE government is determined in making better transport, communication, electricity and internet facilities in the region so as to ease work and cost of production of goods and services. Through this activity, companies will be able to expand and set up newer branches due to more profits generated; the government will receive more revenue in the form of tax, subscription, and registration of firms. Providing a stable environment for businesses: The government of UAE provides a conducive environment for businesses to operate. It is ensuring free-market economy in Dubai with limited regulations, and this gives both local and foreign traders several financial choices. Moreover, subsidies like interest-free government loans, subsidized energy and capital injections have been imposed to facilitate the proper running of businesses (Raboy, Basher, Hossain Kaitibie, 2013). National Institutions Teamwork and inspiration: National institutions such as schools and universities enhance group work and inspire students. These elements make the students better employees when they complete schools. Such workers will be competent in the workplace making business to perform towards their goals which are a recommended work in improving the economy. Information dissemination: the national institutions are centers of information. They are used to distribute relevant information useful in economic development. Health and security: Health centers such as Al Corniche Hospital as well as Abu Dhabi GHQ provide medication and security services respectively to residents of Abu Dhabi Emirates. Firm Capabilities and Behavior Invention and innovation: Firms in the UAE such as Information Systems Associates FZE in Sharjar which deals with technology, has over time discovers new and improved existing aviation software and devices. Flexible response to economic challenges and problems: Ahmad Saber (2015) explain that Deira and Al Satwa in Dubai are small firms which can adapt and change to evade problems in the economy. They can perform this action because they have a little chain or hierarchy of command. Job growth and economic dynamism: Firms in the UAE create employment opportunities to individuals. As a result, there are improved standards of living which pave a way to improve the economy. The Role of Entrepreneurship in the Development of the National and Global Economy. Entrepreneurs can perform the following functions towards economy; contribution to the national income such as GDP and GNP, the formation of new businesses. Furthermore, they can create of social change and community developments which are done through community projects and financial aid to society charities (Morris, Neumeyer Kuratko, 2015). From the national and global perspective entrepreneurs play very critical role. Bearing in mind that they come up with ideas of initiating the business the help in the utilization of the available resources. In return the aggregate employment level in the economy increases whereby the idle resources are put into use and the individuals are employed to work in the firms and industries as the source of labor. Influence of Key Factors in Entrepreneurship Entrepreneurship is controlled by several factors such as the absence of the patent, copyright and infringement rights, cultural factors, availability of resources for the business, sources of funds, entrepreneurs skills, abilities, creativity, knowledge and psychological orientations (Carland Carland, 2015). These are fundamental factors in determining the success of the entrepreneurial idea. This is because an entrepreneur despite how his her idea is great without this factors it may remain unrealizable dream as unachievable goal. Therefore, whether an idea for the startup of the small business or expansion of the existing business an entrepreneur should ensure that the discussed factors in this paper have been put into consideration. Conclusion Government policies, national institutions and firm capabilities in the United Arab Emirates perform recommendable roles in developing the economy at national and worldwide levels. Entrepreneurship also has its rules which it undertakes in the process of building the economy. However, there are some factors which entrepreneurs have to outshine them to make sure that entrepreneurship process is achieved. References Ahmad, S. Z., Saber, H. (2015). Understanding marketing strategies with particular reference to Small-and medium-sized hotel businesses in the United Arab Emirates. Tourism and Hospitality Research, 1467358414567799. Carland, J. W., Carland, J. C. (2015). A model of potential entrepreneurship: Profiles andEducational implications. Journal of Small Business Strategy, 8(1), 1-14. Drucker, P. (2014). Innovation and entrepreneurship. Routledge. Gebba, T. R. (2014). The Role of Governance in Planning and Implementing Knowledge Management Strategy in the UAE: The Case of RTA. International Journal of Business Research and Development (IJBRD), 2(4). Goldberg, D. E. (2013). The design of innovation: Lessons from and for competent genetic algorithms (Vol. 7). Springer Science Business Media. Morris, M. H., Neumeyer, X., Kuratko, D. F. (2015). A portfolio perspective on entrepreneurship And economic development. Small Business Economics, 45(4), 713-728. Raboy, D. G., Basher, S. A., Hossain, I., Kaitibie, S. (2013). More Efficient Production Subsidies forEmerging Agriculture in Arab Micro-States: A Conceptual Model. Review of Middle East Economics and Finance, 9(3), 293-319.

The Grapes Of Wrath By John Steinbeck (1902 - 1968) Essays

The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck (1902 - 1968) The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck (1902 - 1968) Type of Work: Social / political criticism Setting Oklahoma and California; 1930s Principal Characters Tod Joad, a recent parolee in his mid-twenties Ma and Pa Joad, a strong, middle-aged Oklahoma couple Noah Joad, their strange eldest son Al, their wild sixteen-year-old Rose of Sharon, eldest Joad daughter, married and pregnant Gramma and Grampa Joad, an earthy old couple Jim Casy, a preacher and, later, a labor agitator Other Joad children Story Overveiw As Tom Joad hitchhiked his way home after a four-year stay in prison for killing a man in a fight, he met up with Jim Casy, a former preacher who was returning from a sojourn in the "wilderness," where he had been soul-searching. Tom invited Jim to walk with him on the dusty road to the Joad family farm, and to stay for dinner. Arriving there, he saw that "the small unpainted house was mashed at one corner, and it had been pushed off its foundations so that it slumped at an angle." The farm was deserted. Muley Graves, a near-by tenant farmer, told Tom that his family had moved to their Uncle john's house: " . . . They was going to stick it out when the bank come to tractorin' off the place." A long drought was making barren ground out of what had once been fertile farmland. Early the following morning Tom and Casy walked the eight miles to Uncle John's farm. As they approached, Tom saw his Pa working on a truck in the yard. Pa's "eyes looked at Tom's face, and then gradually his brain became aware of what he saw." With Tom's homecoming, the Joad family unit was complete. Now Ma and Pa, the pregnant oldest daughter Rose of Sharon, and her husband Connie, Grampa, Gramma, and all the rest started packing: they were all "goin' to California" to start over as fruit pickers. Like thousands of other displaced tenant farmers, the Joads, spurred on by the promise of good wages and sunshine, sold what they could, bought a used car and headed out on Highway 66, "a people in flight, refugees from dust and shrinking land, from the thunder of tractors and shrinking ownership." After the supplies and tools were loaded into the old Hudson, which teen-aged Al load had converted into a truck, the Joad family and Casy (twelve people in all) squeezed into what little space was left and started west. During the first overnight stop, Gramma suddenly was hit by a stroke and died. They buried him on the roadside. Soon the loads met up with the Wilsons, a married couple with a broken-down car. After Al had fixed the vehicle, Ma and Pa joad invited the Wilsons to travel with them. "You won't be no burden. Each'Il help each, an' we'll all git to California," Ma said. The two groups "crawled westward as a unit", suffering along the way from too little money, not enough food, dilapidated vehicles, profiteering junk dealers and overpriced replacement parts. Eastward-bound migrants warned the travelers that working conditions in California were bad; but they still pressed on toward the "promised land." Crossing the border into California, the family camped next to a river that ran parallel to the town of Needles. They'd wait until nightfall to cross the desert. As Tom, Noah and Pa sat down in the shallow river water to wash off the road grime, they were joined by an itinerant father and his son who aprised them of the treatment they could expect in California: "Okie use'ta mean you was from Oklahoma. Now it means you're a dirty sonof-a-bitch. Okie means you're scum." Later that day, Tom's aloof and backward brother Noah notified him that he was staying to live by the river, and then wandered away. That evening, after saying good-bye to the Wilsons, the Joads began the last leg of their journey. Early during the desert crossing, Gramma quietly died, but Ma waited until they reached Bakersfield before she told anyone. After another roadside burial, the family drove on into a "Hooverville" - one of many designated migrant camps opened during the Depression. Like other Hoovervilles, it was a haotic community; "little gray tents, shacks, and c cars were scattered about at random." But the Joads elected to stay. On their first evening in the camp, two men in a shiny sedan drove up, a labor contractor and a local sheriff. The contractor had come out to offer jobs to the migrants, but when he declined to reveal the actual

Economic Geography

Economic Geography Economic geography is a sub-field within the larger subjects of geography and economics. Researchers within this field study the location, distribution, and organization of economic activity around the world. Economic geography is important in developed nations such as the United States because it allows researchers to understand the structure of the areas economy and its economic relationship with other areas around the world. It is also important in developing nations because the reasons and methods of development or lack thereof are more easily understood. Because economics is such a large topic of study so too is economic geography. Some topics that are considered economic geography include agritourism, the economic development of various countries and gross domestic and gross national products. Globalization is also extremely important to economic geographers today because it connects much of the worlds economy. History and Development of Economic Geography The field of economic geography continued to grow as European nations later began to explore and colonize different regions around the world. During these times European explorers made maps describing economic resources such as spices, gold, silver and tea that they believed would be found in places like the Americas, Asia and Africa (Wikipedia.org). They based their explorations on these maps and as a result, new economic activity was brought to those regions. In addition to the presence of these resources, explorers also documented the trading systems that the people native to these regions engaged in. In the mid-1800s farmer and economist, Johann Heinrich von Thà ¼nen developed his model of agricultural land use. This was an early example of modern economic geography because it explained the economic development of cities based on land use. In 1933 geographer Walter Christaller created his Central Place Theory that used economics and geography to explain the distribution, size, and number of cities around the world. By the end of World War II general geographic knowledge had increased considerably. Economic recovery and development following the war led to the growth of economic geography as an official discipline within geography because geographers and economists became interested in how and why economic activity and development was occurring and where it was around the world. Economic geography continued to grow in popularity throughout the 1950s and 1960s as geographers attempted to make the subject more quantitative. Today economic geography is still a very quantitative field that mainly focuses on topics such as the distribution of businesses, market research and regional and global development. In addition, both geographers and economists study the topic. Todays economic geography is also very reliant on geographic information systems (GIS) to conduct research on markets, the placement of businesses and the supply and demand of a given product for an area. Topics within Economic Geography Theoretical economic geography is the broadest of the branches and geographers within that subdivision mainly focus on building new theories for how the worlds economy is arranged. Regional economic geography looks at the economies of specific regions around the world. These geographers look at local development as well as the relationships that specific regions have with other areas. Historical economic geographers look at the historical development of an area to understand their economies. Behavioral economic geographers focus on an areas people and their decisions to study the economy. Critical economic geography is the final topic of study. It developed out of critical geography and geographers in this field attempt to study economic geography without using the traditional methods listed above. For example, critical economic geographers often look at economic inequalities and the dominance of one region over another and how that dominance impacts the development of economies. In addition to studying these different topics, economic geographers also often study very specific themes related to the economy. These themes include the geography of agriculture, transportation, natural resources, and trade as well as topics such as business geography. Current Research in Economic Geography Journal of Economic Geography Each of these articles is interesting because they are very different from one another but they all focus on some aspect of the worlds economy and how it works.

Use of digital technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Use of digital technology - Essay Example Rushkoff’s Program takes an equation of balancing the effects of technology for humanity. The program examines why it is necessary to view both ends of either programming technology or the effects of the technology itself.Rushkoff maintains that despite the fact that a lot has been commented on the effects of internet, whether bad or good, the society already has the internet to deal with its effects. Notably, the effects of technology can be either positive or negative depending on the application under consideration. Additionally, Rushkoff poses two critical concerns that are focused on whether to direct the technology or live under the direction of the technology (Engdahl 110). Shteyngart in his dystopia replicates the concerns evinced in the Rushkoff’s Program. The extremely sad true love story is a complete dystopia that recognizes the existence of digital technology. Therefore, this essay tends to analyze the effects of the internet or digital technology on social life in relation to this love story. Just like in the Rushkoff’s contributions, there are correlative results on any option one chooses in dealing with the rising of the digital technology. Internet is just as essential as the effects it may have on its users (Fraser and Soumitra 57). A complete control of how it is digested in its consumptions is a point of concern since the implications targeted may turn out to have propagated more harm than salubrious. It may involve the development of a system that both literary works espouse. The development of a system entails a number of processes... It also entails the modification, in which an existing system is improved in terms of its inputs and the interfaces (Fraser and Soumitra 89). Its software, hardware, procedure components, databases, telecommunications, and personnel are in the system design. The design also helps to understand the relationship that exists among these components. The next stage in the cycle is the implementation of the system. This is the most crucial stage in the system development cycle since it is here that the system plan is accomplished. All the preceding processes are meant to ensure that the implementation is effective. The components of the system are created in this stage in accordance to the design developed prior to this stage and put into operation where users undergo training on how to use the system (Engdahl 71). The result is a functional system that efficiently accomplishes the main roles that were intended. Program or system Maintenance is a regular process that aims at keeping the sy stem at par with its roles. Both the hard ware and software are maintained to keep their efficiency. Out of the mainstream, either Rushkoff or Sheytngart’s contribution to the understating the effects can help a lot in the social networking since a part of the concerns dealt through the net. The dynamism of online social networking can be considered as part of a human’s life. First, one gets to familiarize to the social networking issues. This ideal brings individuals together in groups with distinct or specific purpose in the community, and this contributes to what may be termed as social networking (Engdahl 126). They may include people of different diversities who share a common interest that they would love to espouse in their

Chinas Urbanization as a Spectacle Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Chinas Urbanization as a Spectacle - Case Study Example The spectacles build up in the cities to an extent that it turns into an image. To create room for these spectacle projects, city residents are repeatedly displaced and relocated while migrants are ejected (Laurence, 2012; Wing, 2009). This form of urbanization is a clear depiction of China’s shallowness. The magnificent architecture is copied from the west and is a clear show of China’s lack of appreciation of their culture. The new city undoubtedly indicates China’s lack of confidence by replacing structure depicting their culture with those from a dissimilar civilization. The architectural problems China is facing emanates from the attempts to merge the western devised design with the Chinese culture. The belief that Asian like hiding problem is verified by the manner in which China has used the magnificent architectures to cover the predicaments facing China ranging from excessive pollution to the miserable displaced families. The spectacle is an invention characterized by shadow and light that China borrowed directly from western culture. Chinese sprawl is apparent from space with American Culture tailored in the architectures (Campanella, 2008; Ren, 2011). The skyscrapers are a depiction of a deteriorating culture and a mere cover-up of a failing economy. The developments led to vast migration from the rural areas to urban centers to an extent that the urban population overtook that in the rural areas. From the Cultural Revolution, the Chinese culture started depreciating and in the next few years, the culture might become extinct (Wing, 2009). One of the consequences of the development of spectacle city is the increased abuse of Labour rights with the migrants into the metropolis earning meager wages while working in poor working conditions. The mass migration is expected to cause immerse strains in aspects pertaining to housing, transport as well as increase the rate of pollution (Laurence, 2012).

Advertising on a Global Scale Essay Example for Free

Advertising on a Global Scale Essay When a company, brand, or product is marketed within several countries, a significantly different approach to advertising must be made opposed to if it was only being sold within one country. A company’s awareness of the international advertising can greatly affect how well a product is accepted by its target audience and how well it sells. The most important aspect of global advertising is an understanding of culture. This involves considering the language barriers, the cultural significance of images and signs, and the applicability that a certain product may have within different countries. Addressing these three factors, overall, can help to increase the appeal of a product or service; and it is essential that companies realize that implementing a standardized method of advertising is not always the most effective way to enter a foreign market. There have been several debates in regards to the regulation of global advertising. Two contrasting statements have been made—one that suggests that advertising standardization is the most profitable approach to international marketing, and another that promotes localization. Those who support the standardization method â€Å"†¦argue that standardizing advertising can help maintain a uniform global strategy and image of the firm, maximize the firm’s cost advantage and meet a universal need of people across the world† (Zou and Volz 2010: 57). The adaption method, however, stresses that differences and barriers between cultures, spoken languages, historical contexts, and socio-economic factors between various countries affects the way in which advertising messages are perceived and translated. It is therefore does not make sense to implement only one form of advertisement that is meant to span a variety of countries and cultures, because one single campaign cannot apply and appeal to every market worldwide. Perhaps the arguments in favor of standardizing international campaigns, particularly the language that is being used, stems from the fact that English has become the dominant language in the world. The majority of advertisers and other people who work in the global marketing industry speak English, regardless of what is their country of origin; and it appears as if many advertisers are beginning to apply this theory to the consumers. Despite the widespread use of English and the fact that is the most commonly used language in advertising worldwide, the concept of advertising standardization has been widely criticized in favor of adaptation. It is somewhat hasty to assume, after all, that all people worldwide are fluent in English, simply because most of those working in the business sector happen to speak the language. What about those in smaller towns or non-Western countries such as Cairo, Egypt? Egyptians who work in the tourist or hospitality industry are likely to speak English, but many of the average citizens—who are all potential consumers—will not necessarily speak English or be able to understand the writing. Studies have also shown that the use of a local language tends to appeal more to those who live in the area, especially within countries that perceive their spoken and written language to be a valuable part of their culture. Hornikx, Van Meurs, and De Boer write that â€Å"†¦ads that appeal to important cultural values (such as independence in the United States or loyalty in Mexico) should be more persuasive than ads that appeal to relatively unimportant cultural values (such as loyalty in the United States or independence in Mexico)† (2010: 171). Empirical studies have also proven that ads using the local language and cultural values of a country tend to be favored as opposed to those with a standardized language and advertising message (Hornikx, Van Meurs, and De Boer 2010: 171). Although it is clear that language adaption is important, the preference that locals have for their language does not imply that advertisers should not use English in foreign countries. They simply need to use English in a way that is effective in conveying the message behind a campaign, and have an understanding of how the English language is perceived in each particular market they are trying to enter. Among Chinese consumers who frequently purchase upscale or luxury goods, global advertising, brands, and products tend to be preferred over domestic good. This is because in Chinese culture, in particular, â€Å"†¦global advertising elements are valued as signs or surrogates for status, cosmopolitanism, excitement, modernity, quality, technology, and beauty† (Zou and Belk 2004: 71). If advertisers are going to use English, however, it is crucial that they simplify the language as much as possible in order to minimize the risk of misinterpretation. There is no point in using a standardized advertising campaign in China if nobody is going to understand what it says. In the Netherlands, the use of English slogans in advertising was also preferred to Dutch, so long as the slogans were easy to read and translate (Louhiala-Salminen and Rogerson-Revell 2010: 95). This shows how the use of English, in many countries, could actually be beneficial and profitable for a company; but since not all countries perceive English the same way, it is important for advertisers to understand how and English campaign will be accepted within their target market. English will not necessarily be preferred to the local language, nor will global brands necessarily be favored over domestic products— which proves that language adaptation should still be used in some situations as opposed to absolute language standardization. Along with deciding whether or not the local language should be used in an international advertising campaign, companies need to consider the visuals that they are using. What is the significance of the images within that culture? Could they possibly be negatively misinterpreted? What do the local consumers consider to be visually appealing? All of these factors, of course, differ between countries and cultures. Studies have shown that there is a significant difference between the way in which high-context cultures and low-context cultures interpret ads. These high-context cultures include China, Japan, the Mediterranean, and Arab nations, where a lot of information is left unspoken and messages are often coded. Low-context cultures, however, refer to the United States, Germany, the UK, and other Western European countries. In these countries, everything is relatively straight-forward and messages are made clear (An 2007: 307). An describes the findings from many studies, which all â€Å"†¦imply that the idea of employing advertising visuals that reflect the communication styles of a particular national market appears to be a promising strategy to effectively reach consumers around the world† (2007: 303). This suggests that multinational advertisers should seek to differentiate their visuals between Eastern and Western cultures if they wish to make a product or service appeal to the people. In the United States, for example, celebrities—from singers, to socialites, to athletes—dominate magazine pages, commercials, and billboards as the spokes models for various brands. This tends to attract the attention of the American public, as they recognize the celebrities and typically create a positive association between that celebrity and the product. In the Middle East, however, using a celebrity athlete to represent a box of cereal will not make that cereal appear any more appealing than if the box were blank. Advertisers, instead, must determine what will be visually pleasing to consumers in countries that have different values than those from more Western countries. In addition to finding what a will attract people in terms of advertising visuals, it is essential to be and respectful of cultural beliefs and customs. Consider countries in the Middle East, where Islam is a dominant part of society. This religion stresses modesty, especially amongst women. Kalliny et al describe how in countries such as Saudi Arabia, â€Å"†¦women are not allowed to walk in the streets with their faces uncovered†¦ [and there are] women wearing long clothing in 83 percent of Arabic magazine advertisements showing women, compared to the 29 percent in U. S. advertisements† (2008: 218). With female modesty being so important within certain cultures, it is extremely important that multinational advertisers be cautious about whether their visuals will be appropriate. It would not be a good choice, for example, for an advertiser to market a brand of women’s perfume in Saudi Arabia with an enormous billboard showing Britney Spears wearing a bikini and holding a bottle of perfume. This would be considered offensive and would not be beneficial for the popularity of a product. The Japanese cosmetics industry also presents an interesting example of the importance of visual marketing and how advertisers need to pay attention to what will efficiently sell a product. As the second largest market in the world in terms of cosmetics, it was estimated to be worth roughly 1. trillion yen back in 2003 (Barnes and Yamamoto 2008: 299). Research regarding what type of models Japanese women prefer in beauty campaigns indicated a surprising fact. Although white models are widely used in Japan, because they are considered to be the ideal form of beauty, Japanese women actually preferred to buy cosmetics that used Japanese models in the advertisements. Barnes and Yamamoto discuss how this is due to white models not being applicable to Japanese women in terms of physical beauty. The Japanese, for example, value fair complexions, while Westerners typically prefer tans. Additionally, â€Å"†¦since the Japanese facial structure is different from that of Westerners, they will not become similar in appearance if they use the same make-up as a Western model† (2008: 310). This proves how a choice of visual representation in an advertising campaign can greatly affect how a product is accepted within different countries, and how advertisers must adjust their images or models accordingly. As research within the Japanese beauty industry has shown, applicability is crucial in global advertising. If a product or service has no value, necessity, or appeal in a certain country, hen consumers will not purchase the product. An advertisement’s message and content, therefore, is important and can determine how much interest is generated amongst consumers. In one particular study involving 40 different advertising campaigns and 1200 consumers, the significance of content was examined. Van Den Putte states that the study indicates that â€Å"†¦after controlling for the effect of previous purchase behavior, the effect of message content strategy is generally larger than the effect of advertising expenditure† (2009: 669). This shows how it is not necessarily a campaign’s budget that determines the success of a product, but the message and content that it contains. Alcohol advertisements have been successful in tailoring their ads to suit the requirements of different countries and cultures. One example is the comparison of alcohol advertisements between the United Kingdom and Ukraine. Beefeater Dry Gin, a spirit brand that often appears in GQ magazine, markets their gin in Britain quite minimally. Their ad consists of a lime splashing into a bottle of gin, with the splash pattern forming the British flag. The slogan simply reads â€Å"Refreshingly London†, with one more line that says â€Å"Distilled in London since 1820† (Wolburg and Venger 2009: 15). That is all that is needed in order for British consumers to understand the product and find some sort of value in the liquor. In Ukraine, however, alcohol companies have to take a much different approach. Wolburg and Venger state that, because drinking has not been instilled as a cultural norm in Ukrainian society, â€Å"†¦marketers have had to educate Ukrainians about drinking various alcoholic beverages. Ads, magazine articles, and Web sites must not only teach Ukrainians how these drinks are prepared and consumed; they must also explain what makes certain brands authentic† (2009: 15). This involves the importance of cultural applicability—if alcohol advertisers do not understand the need to educate certain consumer markets about their product in detail, then consumers will not see a need for the product altogether. McDonalds has been one of the most successful companies in terms of launching their fast-food chains globally and adjusting their products and advertising campaigns to appeal to local consumers. In India, for example, many of the people do not eat beef; so to increase its appeal, McDonalds in India sells a lamb burger as part of its menu, and markets its fish fillet sandwich much more than it does in the United States. It also utilizes many small, local farmers and food suppliers in order to make the company seem more localized and appealing to the Indian consumer base (Sarin and Barrows 2005: 23). The original, American version of McDonalds would most likely have been unsuccessful in countries such as India if the company had not made some adjustments. If McDonalds in Indian maintained the same American menu, then the Indian public would undoubtedly not have been as accepting of the brand and its products. Not only was the company culturally sensitive to the dietary restrictions that many Indian people have due to religious meanings, but it also used local suppliers as an acculturation strategy. With a menu that conforms to the eating habits of India, along with the use of their own famers and suppliers, McDonalds has become well-adjusted to the global community and has effectively made itself applicable to a wide variety of cultures and consumers. Culture is the most important factor in any advertising campaign, regardless of its origin. Advertisers cannot simply use one campaign and expect it to be accepted, appealing, and applicable to every country. Standardization also forfeits the competitive edge that one brand may have over another if it is able to successfully integrate its product into a foreign market. Paying attention to the language, visuals, and significance of a product is essential in global advertising, and advertisers must alter their campaign in order to better suit the tastes and values of individual cultures.

Immorality of Human Cloning Essay -- essays research papers

While human cloning has been a matter of science fiction for centuries, the prospect that it could actually happen is a recent development. On February 23, 1997, the birth of the first cloned sheep, Dolly, was announced. Since then, it seems that science has progressed faster than moral understanding. Each breakthrough in genetics presents us with both a promise and a dilemma. The promise is that we may soon be able to treat and prevent diseases such as cancer and Parkinson’s. The dilemma is that we will have the power to manipulate our very nature-- to choose the sex and other genetic qualities of our next generation in attempts to make ourselves perfect. Despite the possible benefits, cloning will require unacceptable risks and does not consider the basic concepts of human dignity, liberty and identity. Considering our role in the world, it is society’s place to dictate moral boundaries to ban all human cloning, including that done in the name of medical progress. Human cloning is a serious issue and a frightening prospect of what the future may hold. It has been proven neither effective, nor safe. Before this minimum requirement is met, cloning should be avoided and not attempted on humans. Despite this, advocates argue that cloning can improve human genetics, and can prevent genetically transmitted diseases. The truth is that cloning will not improve genetic make up of the human race. According to Darwin’s famous theory, nature adapts its species and no one should interfere in the process. A radical change in nature, such as creating a society of clones, will diminish the human diversity resulting from the various mixings of genes. Another problem says Lane Lester who earned his Ph.D in genetics is that â€Å"everyone possesse... ... cloning is necessary or useful for any purpose. Banning cloning far outweighs the potential curing of genetically transmitted diseases, it crosses an ethical line in the creation of human beings. As a moral society, we should strive to enforce moral boundaries and create rather then destroy. Works Cited "Gene Mutation" The Encyclopedia Britannica. 15th ed. 2007. Print. Leone, Paul. Cloning and the Future of Human Embryo Research. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2001. Google Books. Web. 12 Feb. 2014. Masci, Margaret O., and John F. Setaro. Medicine's Brave New World: Bioengineering and the New Genetics. Brookfield: Twenty-First Century, 2001. Print. Winters, Paul A. Cloning. San Diego: Greenhaven, 1998. Print. Gallup Poll: Support for Embryonic Stem Cell Research $ Dropping. Web. 12 Feb. 2014. http://www.lifenews.com/2005/08/16/bio-1111/

Life Without Television

When my family’s only television set went to the repair shop the other day, my parents, my sister, and I thought we would have a terrible week. How could we get through the long evenings is such a quiet house? What would it be like without all the shows to keep us company? We soon realized, though, that living without television for a while was a stroke of good fortune, It became easy for each of us to enjoy some activities alone, to complete some postponed chores, and to spend rewarding time with each other and friends. First of all, with no television to compete for our time, we found plenty of hours for personal interests. We all read more that week than we had read during the six months before. We went to the library to get some books. Dad and mom picked out Old Yellow for us while we got Where the Red Fern Grows and Robinson Crusoe. Everyone enjoined them so much that by the end of the week almost all of us had read every book twice. We each enjoyed some hobbies we had ignored for ages. I went outside to work on my tree house with dad. Mom was knitting a scarf and my sister worked on her scrapbooking. In addition my sister and I both stopped procrastinating with our homework. For the first time in a long time we both had our homework done and ready to go the next day. Second, we did chores that had been hanging over our heads for too long. There were many jobs around the house that had needed attention for some time. My sister had piles of clothing all over the room that she finally took the time to clean up. Mom went and cleaned all the floors around the house Dad and I fixed some doors and my bedroom lock. We also had a chance to do some long-postponed shopping. We went to Wal-Mart and bought school supplies, shavers, shampoo, clothing and many other small items that we needed around the house. After we got home from shopping each of us also caught up with e-mail and did paperwork that was long overdue. Finally, and probably most important, we spent time with each other. Instead of just being in the same room together while we stared at a screen, we actually talked for many pleasant hours. We laughed long and hard as dad was telling some of his sweet childhood stories. We also talked a lot about school and everyday things. Moreover, for the first time in years, my family played some games together. For hours on end we played monopoly until everyone had at least won once. Then dad and I went to play some chess, while mom and my sister played some checkers, and because we didn’t have to worry about missing this or that show, we had some family friends over on a couple of evenings and spent an enjoyable time with them. Dad started up the fire pit and set up some lawn chairs, and we all sat around the fire playing musical instruments, roasting marshmallows, and telling jokes. Everyone seemed to have such a wonderful time on those evenings. Once our television returned, we were not prepared to put it in the attic. But we had a sense of how it can take over our lives if we are not careful. We are now more selective. We turn on the set for our favorite shows, certain sports events, and the news, but we don’t leave it running all evening. As a result, we find we can enjoy television and still have time left over for other activities and interest. Life Without Television When my family’s only television set went to the repair shop the other day, my parents, my sister, and I thought we would have a terrible week. How could we get through the long evenings is such a quiet house? What would it be like without all the shows to keep us company? We soon realized, though, that living without television for a while was a stroke of good fortune, It became easy for each of us to enjoy some activities alone, to complete some postponed chores, and to spend rewarding time with each other and friends. First of all, with no television to compete for our time, we found plenty of hours for personal interests. We all read more that week than we had read during the six months before. We went to the library to get some books. Dad and mom picked out Old Yellow for us while we got Where the Red Fern Grows and Robinson Crusoe. Everyone enjoined them so much that by the end of the week almost all of us had read every book twice. We each enjoyed some hobbies we had ignored for ages. I went outside to work on my tree house with dad. Mom was knitting a scarf and my sister worked on her scrapbooking. In addition my sister and I both stopped procrastinating with our homework. For the first time in a long time we both had our homework done and ready to go the next day. Second, we did chores that had been hanging over our heads for too long. There were many jobs around the house that had needed attention for some time. My sister had piles of clothing all over the room that she finally took the time to clean up. Mom went and cleaned all the floors around the house Dad and I fixed some doors and my bedroom lock. We also had a chance to do some long-postponed shopping. We went to Wal-Mart and bought school supplies, shavers, shampoo, clothing and many other small items that we needed around the house. After we got home from shopping each of us also caught up with e-mail and did paperwork that was long overdue. Finally, and probably most important, we spent time with each other. Instead of just being in the same room together while we stared at a screen, we actually talked for many pleasant hours. We laughed long and hard as dad was telling some of his sweet childhood stories. We also talked a lot about school and everyday things. Moreover, for the first time in years, my family played some games together. For hours on end we played monopoly until everyone had at least won once. Then dad and I went to play some chess, while mom and my sister played some checkers, and because we didn’t have to worry about missing this or that show, we had some family friends over on a couple of evenings and spent an enjoyable time with them. Dad started up the fire pit and set up some lawn chairs, and we all sat around the fire playing musical instruments, roasting marshmallows, and telling jokes. Everyone seemed to have such a wonderful time on those evenings. Once our television returned, we were not prepared to put it in the attic. But we had a sense of how it can take over our lives if we are not careful. We are now more selective. We turn on the set for our favorite shows, certain sports events, and the news, but we don’t leave it running all evening. As a result, we find we can enjoy television and still have time left over for other activities and interest.

Pro Forma Definition - Economics

Pro forma, originates as a Latin phrase which, literally translated, means something like for the sake of form. It is often used for specific purposes in economics and finance.   Our Ambivalence About the Phrase in Finance The briefest perusal of some dictionary definitions begins to express our ambivalence about the use of the term in economics and especially in finance. Some online dictionaries give relatively neutral definitions that adhere closely to the phrases Latin origins, such as according to form, as a matter of form, and for the sake of form. Other dictionary definitions begin to express more complex assessments of the meaning of the phrase, Merriam-Websters, for example: done or existing as something that is usual or required but that has little true meaning or importance  (emphasis added). Its not a far reach from little true meaning to not meaningful at all and potentially deceptive. Legitimate Instances of Pro Forma   In reality, the greater number of uses of pro forma documents in finance are not deceptive at all; they serve a valuable purpose.  One such use, one that occurs frequently, has to do with financial statements. In most circumstances, a financial statement  reflects reality. In some circumstances, a financial statement that does not do so could be considered (in ascending order of wrongness): valueless, misleading or evidence of criminal misrepresentation. But a pro forma financial statement is (usually) a legitimate exception to that rule. Instead of answering the question What is the state of the balance sheet? or how much money did the enterprise earn in a given time period, a question answered by the income  statement, a pro forma balance sheet and income statement answers the question What would happen if...? Heres a good example: The corporation has earnings for the past year of $10M, with expenses of $7.5M. These are figures you might find in the income statement. But, executives wonder, what would be the effect of introducing a new product line (which would sharply ramp up expenses)? You would expect that in the shortest term, before the revenues from the new product line were realized, that profits would diminish considerably and that  revenues would go up very little. Youd also expect that over time the additional revenue from the new product line would more than pay for the increased expenses, and that the business would be more profitable. But, is that really true? At the point of youd expect... this is just a guess. How can you know, if not for sure, but at least with some   increased confidence that increased profitability will result?  Thats where pro forma financial documents come into play. A pro forma set of financial documents will refer to past performance as a guide to project would would likely happen in the future if we make a similar introduction. It answers the question What if...   When the company introduced a past product, the MicroWidget, operating costs rose X percent in the following three quarters, but in the fourth quarter increased revenue from the MicroWidget more than made up for the increased operating cost expense and net profit actually rose 14 percent year over year.   The pro forma balance sheets, income statements and statements of cash flows show what might happen if a new MacroWidget product is introduced, based on the data available. Pro Forma Statements vs. Certainty Note that a pro forma financial statement does not express certainty. It expresses what, with the data available, business leadership and accountancy professionals believe  is likely to happen. Often it does, and sometimes it does not. Nevertheless, pro forma statements serve a valuable purpose by introducing data that supports (or does not support) the original intuition that, for example, adding a MacroWidget to the product line is a good idea. It does so by quantifying the probable results based on past performance. The pro forma balance sheets, income statements  and, importantly, statements of cash flows give business executives a better idea of what will happen if.... The Downside of Pro Forma Statements The general intent of pro forma financial statements, to answer the question what will happen if... can be abused. In the notorious Enron collapse,  pro forma statements played an important part. Arthur Andersen Enrons auditors, it became clear in retrospect, were too close to the company to deliver reliable financial statements to financial markets. This was particularly true of the pro forma statements that projected a rosy future for Enron and purportedly were based on reasonable assumptions.    They utterly failed to predict what became instead a total collapse that sent Enron executives  to jail, ended the Arthur Andersen company and culminated in a prolonged and messy Enron bankruptcy in which stockholders and others lost hundreds of millions of dollars. Absent criminal intent, data that already exist are reliably what they propose. Data that are projections based on assumptions -- which is the essence of a pro forma statement -- are inevitably and categorically more subjective. In short, they are useful financial tools that are particularly easy to abuse. You shouldnt avoid using them, but you need to exercise caution. Books on Pro Forma Profits You Can Trust: Spotting and Surviving Accounting LandminesHow Companies Lie: Why Enron Is Just the Tip of the IcebergThe Valuation of Technology: Business and Financial Issues in RD Journal Articles on Pro Forma Assessing the relative informativeness and permanence of pro forma earnings and GAAP operating earningsThe Predictive Value of Expenses Excluded from Pro Forma EarningsAre Investors Misled by Pro Forma Earnings?